Dynamic temporary blood facility location-allocation during and post-disaster periods

The key objective of this study is to develop a tool (hybridization or integration of different techniques) for locating the temporary blood banks during and post-disaster conditions that could serve the hospitals with minimum response time. We have used temporary blood centers, which must be located in such a way that it is able to serve the demand of hospitals in nearby region within a shorter duration. We are locating the temporary blood centres for which we are minimizing the maximum distance with hospitals. We have used Tabu search heuristic method to calculate the optimal number of temporary blood centres considering cost components. In addition, we employ Bayesian belief network to prioritize the factors for locating the temporary blood facilities. Workability of our model and methodology is illustrated using a case study including blood centres and hospitals surrounding Jamshedpur city. Our results shows that at-least 6 temporary blood facilities are required to satisfy the demand of blood during and post-disaster periods in Jamshedpur. The results also show that that past disaster conditions, response time and convenience for access are the most important factors for locating the temporary blood facilities during and post-disaster periods

Manufacturing and Supply Chain Flexibility: Building an Integrative Conceptual Model Through Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

The purpose of this study is twofold: first, to establish the current themes on the topic of manufacturing and supply chain flexibility (MSCF), assess their level of maturity in relation to each other, identify the emerging ones and reflect on how they can inform each other, and second, to develop a conceptual model of MSCF that links different themes connect and highlight future research opportunities. The study builds on a sample of 222 articles published from 1996 to 2018 in international, peer-reviewed journals. The analysis of the sample involves two complementary approaches: the co-word technique to identify the thematic clusters as well as their relative standing and a critical reflection on the papers to explain the intellectual content of these thematic clusters. The results of the co-word analysis show that MSCF is a dynamic topic with a rich and complex structure that comprises five thematic clusters. The value chain, capability and volatility clusters showed research topics that were taking a central role in the discussion on MSCF but were not mature yet. The SC purchasing practices and SC planning clusters involved work that was more focused and could be considered more mature. These clusters were then integrated in a framework that built on the competence–capability perspective and identified the major structural and infrastructural elements of MSCF as well as its antecedents and consequences. This paper proposes an integrative framework helping managers keep track the various decisions they need to make to increase flexibility from the viewpoint of the entire value chain

What makes a food healthy? Sex differences in what is associated to healthiness evaluations

Food healthiness evaluations are important precursors of food choices as health beliefs guide a large portion of our food intake. In the present study we investigated the healthiness evaluations of males and females and the extent to which valence, arousal, familiarity, hedonic value, and perceived calorie are associated to the healthiness attributed to different food. Ninety-two healthy normal-weight adults evaluated Low-Calorie foods (e.g., salad) and high-calorie foods (e.g., chips) on valence, arousal, familiarity, hedonic value, perceived calorie content, and healthiness. For both females and males, valence and perceived calorie content are associated with healthiness ratings of low-calorie food as well as with high-calorie food. The more positive and less caloric is considered a food, the more is considered healthy. These are the only dimensions linked to healthiness ratings of low-calorie foods. Instead, high-calorie food healthiness is also associated to its arousal and hedonic value for females while to its familiarity for males. These results highlight key dimensions related to how healthy a food is considered by lay persons. Moreover, they show that different dimensions are associated to healthiness of a food for females and males. Even though there are dimensions associated to healthiness evaluation irrespective of the sex and of the type of food (i.e., valence, perceived calorie content), other dimensions relate only to high-calorie food and are relevant either for females (arousal, hedonic value) or for males (familiarity). Thus, different dimensions could be leveraged to develop sex-targeted interventions depending on the type of food

Investigation of oral health status (DMFT-index) among 3-6 years old children in ilam (Western Iran), 2015

Today, tooth decay is considered as one of the most common infectious diseases in developing countries such as Iran and considering this concept is among the World Health Organization programs in the field of prevention of chronic diseases and promoting health. The mean of primary tooth decay in children under 6 years is equal to 5 in Iran; however, the present study suggests this is 7, indicating an undesirable situation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health status in terms of decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT) for 3-6 year-old children at health care centers of Ilam. In this cross-sectional study, 100 (female and male) children aged 3-6 years referring to urban health care centers were selected for the study. These children's background information was collected using a questionnaire. The DMFT index was used to determine the primary teeth health status. Data obtained was analyzed using independent t-test, Spearman correlation test, and chi-square test. The mean and standard deviation of the DMFT index for all children was 4.13±7.32. The results obtained by independent t-test showed no significant difference between both genders. Chi-square test was used to examine the DMFT index in both female and male children. Regarding the primary teeth for female and male genders, the highest and the lowest DMFT frequencies were associated with decayed teeth (94) and filled teeth (4), respectively. Ten percent of boys and 2 of girls have DMFT=0(caries free: CF); and 12 percent of boys and 22 percent of girls also have DMFT≥10 (Rampant caries), respectively. The DMFT index for the study participants was not approximately close to DMFT index reported by the World Health Organization. Hence, it seems that the promoting the knowledge of oral health care providers to inform parents of young children is of paramount importance. © RJPT All right reserved